Formic Acid Handling & Safety Guidelines: Cia, Tsheb thauj mus los & Ua raws

Formic acid yog cov tshuaj corrosive thiab irritant uas yuav tsum tau ceev faj tuav, khaws cia, thiab kev thauj mus los kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, khoom siv, thiab ib puag ncig. Nws cov pungent vapor tuaj yeem ua rau ua pa ua pa, thiab kev sib cuag ncaj qha rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis qhov muag tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab heev. Phau ntawv qhia no muab cov lus qhia txog kev nyab xeeb rau formic acid, suav nrog kev khaws cia, kev thauj mus los, thiab ua raws li cov cai thoob ntiaj teb.

Ua ntej thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, formic acid yuav tsum tau muab cais thiab sau npe kom raug. Nws raug cais raws li cov khoom siv corrosive (UN 1779) raws li United Nations Ntiaj Teb Kev Sib Haum Xeeb Txheej Txheem ntawm Kev Qhia thiab Sau Npe Tshuaj (GHS). Cov thawv ntim khoom xa tuaj yuav tsum tau sau nrog GHS corrosive cim, cov lus hais txog kev phom sij ("Ua rau tawv nqaij kub hnyiab thiab qhov muag puas," "Toxic yog nqus tau"), thiab cov lus ceeb toom ("Hloov cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv thiab qhov muag tiv thaiv," "Txuag kom deb ntawm tshav kub thiab qhib nplaim taws"). Tshaj li 45 degree, formic acid tuaj yeem tsim cov vapors tawg - huab cua sib tov, yog li yuav tsum tau ntsuas kev nyab xeeb ntxiv rau siab - kub cia thiab kev thauj mus los.

 

Cov txheej txheem khaws cia rau formic acid yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo thiab kev sib kis. Formic acid yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav, zoo - qhov cua qhov chaw, deb ntawm qhov chaw tshav kub, qhib nplaim taws, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib xws (xws li cov hauv paus muaj zog, oxidizing agents, thiab hlau xws li zinc thiab txhuas). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws cia kub yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 10℃thiab 30 degree; Qhov kub siab tshaj 45℃yuav tsum tau zam kom tsis txhob muaj vapor buildup. Cov thawv ntim khoom yuav tsum yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv sib xws, xws li stainless hlau, iav, lossis HDPE (siab-} ntom polyethylene), vim tias formic acid yog corrosive rau ntau cov hlau. Cov thawv ntim khoom yuav tsum tau muab kaw kom nruj kom tsis txhob muaj vapor to thiab nqus dej noo, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau sau kom meej nrog cov npe khoom, cov ntaub ntawv txaus ntshai, thiab hnub tas sij hawm.

 

Kev thauj mus los ntawm formic acid yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov kev cai thoob ntiaj teb nruj. Rau kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv, nws yuav tsum ua raws li International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG) Code, thiab rau kev thauj khoom huab cua, nws yuav tsum ua raws li International Air Transport Association (IATA) Cov Cai Tswj Kev Nyab Xeeb. Kev xa khoom ntau yuav tsum siv cov tank steel hlau lossis HDPE nruas, thiab cov thawv ntim khoom yuav tsum tau ruaj ntseg los tiv thaiv tipping lossis kev puas tsuaj thaum thauj. Cov neeg tsav tsheb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau kawm txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm formic acid, suav nrog cov txheej txheem xwm txheej kub ntxhov rau kev nchuav lossis xau. Tsis tas li ntawd, formic acid yuav tsum tsis txhob thauj khoom noj, pub, lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob thiab hluav taws kub.

 

Kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tuavformic acidsuav nrog kev hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog (PPE), xws li tshuaj lom neeg- hnab looj tes tiv thaiv, tsom iav, ntaub thaiv npog ntsej muag, thiab khaub ncaws tiv thaiv. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tseem yuav tau txais kev cob qhia txog cov txheej txheem xwm txheej ceev, suav nrog cov lus teb cov dej nchuav, kev pab thawj zaug, thiab kev tua hluav taws. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm ib qho kev nchuav, formic acid yuav tsum muaj tam sim ntawd siv cov ntaub ntawv nqus, thiab neutralized nrog cov tshuaj alkaline tsis muaj zog (xws li sodium carbonate) los tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov chaw cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau yaug nrog dej kom ntau li 15 feeb; rau qhov muag qhov muag, yaug nrog dej tsawg kawg 20 feeb thiab nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Kev nqus pa ntawm vapors yuav tsum muaj huab cua ntshiab thiab kho mob yog tias muaj cov tsos mob (xws li hnoos lossis ua tsis taus pa) tshwm sim.

 

Kev ua raws li cov kev cai hauv zos thiab thoob ntiaj teb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb, kev khaws cia, thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm formic acid. Cov lag luam yuav tsum tsis tu ncua xyuas cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb thiab cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm kom ua tau raws li txoj cai. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov lus qhia no, kev lag luam tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog formic acid thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, khoom siv, thiab ib puag ncig.